The risk factors of postoperative continuous renal replacement therapy application in Stanford type A acute aortic dissection / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of postoperative continuous renal replacement therapy application in Stanford type A acute aortic dissection.Methods:This retrospective study included 527 patients with Stanford type A acute aortic dissection from November 2015 to February 2018 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital. They were divided into 2 groups according to whether or not needed postoperative continuous renal replacement therapy, group CRRT(78 cases) and group None CRRT(449 cases). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of continuous renal replacement therapy. Results:Of all the patients, the percentage of using continuous renal replacement therapy was 14.8%(78/527), and the mortality of 30 days after surgery was 8.5%(45/527). The independent risk factors associated with CRRT were preoperative serum creatinine(sCr)( OR=1.012, 95% CI: 1.005-1.019, P<0.001), transfusion of red blood cell in surgery( OR=1.141, 95% CI: 1.071-1.216, P<0.001), transfusion of platelet in surgery( OR=1.307, 95% CI: 1.084-1.576, P=0.005), the total amount of drainage( OR=1.000, 95% CI: 1.000-1.000, P=0.036), and the time of extubation after surgery( OR=1.004, 95% CI: 1.001-1.008, P=0.013). Conclusion:The risk factors of CRRT after emergency surgery of Stanford type A acute aortic dissection are preoperative serum creatinine, transfusion of red blood cell in surgery, transfusion of platelet in surgery, the total amount of drainage and the time of tracheal extubation after surgery. We need to focus on those risk factors in our daily job and manage them timely and properly, in order to improve patients’ prognosis.

Comparison of invasive and non-invasive blood pressure in perioperative elderly hypertensive patients with atherosclerosis of the extremities / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To compare the correlation and differences between invasive blood pressure(IBP)and noninvasive blood pressure(NBP)monitoring at three different levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP), diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)in elderly hypertensive patients with atherosclerosis of the extremities during perioperative anesthesia.Methods:156 elderly patients were prospectively admitted to the Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, for peripheral vascular stenosis interventions between December 2018 and December 2021.Their IBP and NBP were measured simultaneously during the perioperative anesthesia period.Then the correlation and consistency between IBP and NBP were analyzed via the Pearson correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman plots, and the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC curve).Results:A total of 156 elderly patients were enrolled, including 108 men(69.2%)and 48 women(30.8%), with a mean age of 72.2±7.6.Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between IBP and NBP.The correlation coefficient was 0.993 for invasive systolic blood pressure(ISBP)and non-invasive systolic blood pressure(NSBP), 0.808 for invasive diastolic blood pressure(IDBP)and non-invasive diastolic blood pressure(NDBP), and 0.853 for invasive mean arterial pressure(IMAP)and non-invasive mean arterial pressure(NMAP)( P<0.001 for all). Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean deviation of ISBP and NSBP was(20.3±6.5)mmHg(95% CI: 19.18-21.38)(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), the mean deviation of IDBP and NDBP was(3.8±9.7)mmHg(95% CI: 2.13-5.41), and the mean deviation of IMAP and NMAP was(12.7±11.0)mmHg(95% CI: 10.83-14.55). The correlation coefficient of ISBP-NSBP deviation with ISBP was 0.856, the correlation coefficient of IDBP-NDBP deviation with IDBP was 0.206, and the correlation coefficient of IMAP-NMAP deviation with IMAP was 0.583( P<0.05 for all). When ISBP≥137 mmHg, the sensitivity of an ISBP-NSBP deviation ≥20 mmHg was 96.3%, the specificity was 96.4%, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.970(95% CI: 0.934-1.000). When ISBP≥158 mmHg, the sensitivity and specificity of a predicted ISBP-NSBP deviation≥25 mmHg were 97.4% and 78.8%, respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.876(95% CI: 0.820-0.933); When ISBP≥208 mmHg, the sensitivity and specificity of a predicted ISBP-NSBP deviation≥30 mmHg were 100% and 98.5%, respectively, and the area under the ROC curve was 0.985(95% CI: 0.964-1.000). Conclusions:There is a good agreement between IBP and NBP in elderly hypertensive patients with peripheral atherosclerosis during perioperative anesthesia.The magnitude of the deviation between the two is significantly and positively correlated with the level of blood pressure, suggesting that we should appropriately choose the method of blood pressure measurement in the perioperative period to correctly evaluate the blood pressure of these elderly patients.

Early and mid-term outcomes of aortic valvuloplasty in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective:To analyze the short and mid-term efficacy of aortic valvuloplasty with autopericardium on children with aortic valve diseases.Methods:A total of 26 children with aortic valve diseases (stenosis or regurgitation) who underwent aortic valvuloplasty with autopericardium in Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital from September 2017 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.The short-term and mid-term follow-up data were collected.The maximum aortic valve pressure gradient, subaortic regurgitation area, left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared before and after operation.Paired t test was used to analyze the short-term and mid-term efficacy of aortic valvuloplasty with autopericardium on children with aortic valve diseases. Results:All 26 cases were successfully operated, and there were no deaths and serious complications during the follow-up period of (22.96±6.45) months.There was a significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative maximum aortic valve pressure gradient at 1 month ( t=7.85, P<0.05), 6 months ( t=6.43, P<0.05), 1 year ( t=6.16, P<0.05) and 2 years postoperatively ( t=4.22, P<0.05) in children with aortic stenosis or that combined with mild-to-moderate closure.The follow-up data of 9 children with simple aortic stenosis showed that there was a significant difference between the preoperative (8.87±3.57) cm 2 and postoperative aortic regurgitation area at 1 month ( t=6.85, P<0.05), 6 months ( t=5.13, P<0.05), 1 year ( t=6.62, P<0.05) and 2 years postoperatively ( t=5.41, P<0.05). The LVEDV of 26 children was significantly lower at 6 months[(63.54±27.61) mL], 1 year [(53.61±20.20) mL] and 2 years postoperatively [(64.39±17.78) mL] compared with that of preoperative level[(89.42±45.89) mL]( t=3.89, 4.67, 3.58, all P<0.05). The left ventricular pressure and volume decreased, the enlarged heart was narrowed down, and the geometry of the heart was restored.The LVEF of 26 patients also from (61.65±9.67)% before surgery increased to (67.88±4.69)% 6 months after surgery( t=3.68, P<0.05), and increased to (68.62±4.46)% 1 year after surgery( t=4.01, P<0.05), and increased to (67.55±3.09)% 2 years after operation( t=3.01, P<0.05), and the heart function was improved. Conclusions:Aortic valvuloplasty with autopericardium presents an effective short and mid-term efficacy on children with aortic valve diseases, which prevents or delays the aortic valve replacement.

Single-cell profiling reveals a potent role of quercetin in promoting hair regeneration

Hair loss affects millions of people at some time in their life, and safe and efficient treatments for hair loss are a significant unmet medical need. We report that topical delivery of quercetin (Que) stimulates resting hair follicles to grow with rapid follicular keratinocyte proliferation and replenishes perifollicular microvasculature in mice. We construct dynamic single-cell transcriptome landscape over the course of hair regrowth and find that Que treatment stimulates the differentiation trajectory in the hair follicles and induces an angiogenic signature in dermal endothelial cells by activating HIF-1α in endothelial cells. Skin administration of a HIF-1α agonist partially recapitulates the pro-angiogenesis and hair-growing effects of Que. Together, these findings provide a molecular understanding for the efficacy of Que in hair regrowth, which underscores the translational potential of targeting the hair follicle niche as a strategy for regenerative medicine, and suggest a route of pharmacological intervention that may promote hair regrowth.

Vegetarian diet and vitamin B 12 level in Chinese pregnant women / 中华围产医学杂志

Objective:To explore the relationship between vegetarian diets and vitamin B 12 levels in Chinese pregnant women. Methods:A cross-sectional survey was used to explore the relationship between vegetarian diets and vitamin B 12 levels in Chinese pregnant women based on data from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015-2017). Maternal serum vitamin B 12 concentration was determined by electrochemiluminescence. Background and diet information of all subjects were collected using general and food frequency questionnaires. General Linear Model was used to analyze the difference in serum vitamin B 12 levels between vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women and multivariate logistic regression for examining the relationship between vegetarian diets and vitamin B 12 deficiency (vitamin B 12<150 pmol/L) in pregnant women. Results:A total of 8 366 pregnant women were included in the analysis, and vegetarians accounted for 1.2% (102/8 366). The median serum vitamin B 12 concentrations were 155.8(93.6-212.4) pmol/L and 187.2(127.4-267.6) pmol/L ( Z=－4.22, P<0.001), and the vitamin B 12 deficiency rates were 48.0% (49/102) and 35.0% (2 896/8 264) in vegetarian and non-vegetarian women, respectively. The vitamin B 12 deficiency rate in vegetarian women was 0.89-fold higher than in non-vegetarians (95% CI: 1.24-2.89). Among the vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women, vitamin B 12 deficiency rates during the first, second, and third trimesters were 34.8%(16/46), 54.3%(19/35), 66.7%(14/21), and 20.4%(521/2 559), 32.6%(941/2 886), 50.9%(1 430/2 807), noting for an increasing trend ( Z=23.54 and 2.57, P=0.010 and P<0.001). Conclusions:Vegetarian pregnant women are at high risk of vitamin B 12 deficiency. Compared with non-vegetarian women, vegetarian pregnant women in China have lower vitamin B 12 levels and a higher risk of vitamin B 12 deficiency. Moreover, the risk of vitamin B 12 deficiency will gradually increase during pregnancy.

Effects of low-dose Esketamine on respiration, circulation and pain in elderly patients undergoing surgical treatment for iliac artery stenosis / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To examine the effects of low-dose Esketamine on circulatory function, respiratory function and pain in elderly patients undergoing peripheral vascular interventions, and to provide evidence for appropriate and safe use of Esketamine in elderly patients under anesthesia.Methods:Forty elderly patients with iliac artery stenosis at Beijing Anzhen Hospital affiliated to the Capital Medical University were enrolled and treated with balloon percutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA)and stent implantation on a selective basis.Among them, 33 were male and 7 were female with American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA)physical classification of Ⅱ-Ⅲ.The patients were randomly divided into two groups(20 in each group)using the randomized number method, with the control group(Group C)given 2 ml normal saline intravenously and the Esketamine group(Group L)given Esketamine 0.25 mg/kg intravenously(slow intravenous administration within 1 min). Values of arterial blood pressure and heart rate in stabilized condition in the operating room were collected as the baseline(T0). Five minutes before the surgeon dilated the stenosed iliac artery, intravenous anesthetics were given in both groups as required for the trial.The first 5 minutes before dilatation of the stenosed iliac artery was used as T1, the first 4 minutes as T2, and the first 3 minutes as T3.The recording continued until the 25th minute after anesthetic administration as T30, with a collection of 25-minute blood pressure and heart rate values for analysis.Blood gas analysis was made for arterial blood samples drawn at the time patients entered the operating room(M1), 5 minutes after drug administration(M2), and 10 minutes after drug administration(M3). For all patients, the pain level was recorded using a self-reported scale while the iliac artery was dilated.The doses of vasoactive drugs were recorded from the beginning of the dilatation of the iliac artery to the end of the procedure in patients.Results:In Group C, PaO 2 at M2 was elevated compared with at M1( P=0.003); In Group L, PaCO 2 at M2 was elevated compared with at M1( P=0.011). At T4, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were elevated in Group L compared with Group C, and the differences were statistically significant( t=2.403, 2.119, all P<0.05); At T3, heart rate was elevated in Group L compared with Group C, with a statistically significant difference( t=0.789, P=0.007); Compared with Group C, systolic blood pressure was lower in Group L from T6 to T15, with statistically significant differences( t=3.143, 2.403, 2.272, 3.460, 2.610, 2.568, 2.453, 2.367, 2.282, and 2.187, all P<0.05). Diastolic blood pressure was lower in Group L from T8 to T16, with statistically significant differences( t=3.880, 6.602, 2.967, 3.243, 2.641, 3.253, 3.114, 4.521, and 2.659, all P<0.05), and from T7 to T13, the heart rate was lower in Group L, and the differences were statistically significant( t=2.246, 3.285, 3.207, 2.752, 2.725, 2.713, and 2.473, all P<0.05). Compared with Group C, the incidence of dilatation pain in patients with iliac artery stenosis in Group L was lower, and the difference was statistically significant( χ2=6.140, P=0.030). Doses of vasoactive drugs in both groups, including raceanisodamine hydrochloride, norepinephrine, esmolol, and nicardipine, were lower in Group L, and the differences were statistically significant( t=3.573, 7.883, 3.889, and 6.665, P=0.039, 0.001, 0.046, and 0.006). Conclusions:Low-dose Esketamine causes mild respiratory depression and low circulatory excitation in elderly patients with iliac artery stenosis undergoing PTA, and also reduces painful irritation during blood vessel dilatation in elderly patients.

Clinical treatment experience of thyroid cancer with heart disease / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To explore the perioperative clinical treatment of thyroid cancer patients with heart disease.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis was conducted on 39 thyroid cancer patients with heart disease admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Capital Medical University from April 2014 to February 2018,including 25 males and 14 females, the age ranged from 59 to 75 years,with an average age of 67.3±6.2 years. Perioperative clinical monitoring indicators included cardiac ultrasound left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), degree of vascular stenosis revealed by coronary CT, hypersensitive troponin I (TNI), b-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), fibrinogen degradation products,and coagulation indexes. This panel of patients comprised 26 cases with 50% ≤ LVEF<60%,10 cases with 40% ≤ LVEF<50%, 3 cases with 36% ≤ LVEF<40%, 27 cases with 0≤BNP<100 ng/L, 7 cases with 100≤BNP<400 ng/L, and 5 cases with 400≤BNP<700 ng/L. Coronary CT showed no coronary artery stenosis>75%. The vascular graft was patent and the coronary artery after stenting was unobstructed. For 3 patients with LVEF<40% and 5 patients with BNP>400 ng/L,cardiotonic,diuretic,and nutritional myocardial therapy were used for 1 week. SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data.@*Results@#All 39 patients successfully completed the operation under general anesthesia,including 32 cases of total thyroidectomy,7 cases of glandular lobe and isthmic resection,and 40 cases of lateral neck dissection. One patient developed heart failure three days after surgery and was discharged after two weeks of treatment. No other cardiac related events,cerebrovascular and pulmonary thrombosis occurred during the perioperative period. The anesthesia preparation time was significant different between the group with 0≤BNP<100 ng/L and 50%≤LVEF<60% and the group with 0≤BNP<100 ng/L and 36%≤LVEF<50%.@*Conclusions@#Multi-indicators were utilized to adequately assess cardiac function before surgery. According to the results of cardiac ultrasound and coronary CT examination, the corresponding treatment should be conducted to improve the cardiac function. After the perioperative risk assessment and management of thyroid cancer patients with heart disease,standardized thyroid cancer surgery can be performed safely.

The feasibility study of stroke volume variability for evaluating ventilation-volume of one lung ventilation in patients with elderly coronary heart disease / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To observe the relationship between Flo Trac/Vigileo monitor-assessed stroke volume variability(SVV) and changes in ventilation volume during one lung ventilation(OLV),and to evaluate the feasibility of SVV reflecting changes in lung ventilation volume during OLV in patients with elderly coronary heart disease.Methods A total of 40 patients with ASA grade Ⅱ or Ⅲ,aged 60-82 years,undergoing elective thoracoscopic surgery were enrolled in this study.A doublelumen endobronchial tube was inserted,and 6％ hydroxyethyl starch(HES 130/0.4)was infused intravenously for five dosage-infusion-stage of(T0)2 ml/kg,(T1)4 ml/kg,(T2)6 ml/kg,(T3)8 ml/kg,(T4)10 ml/kg.And the infusion was suspended until starting next infusion stage.After the data reached the stability,the mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),central venous pressure (CVP),cardiac output(CO)and SVV were recorded.The test was stopped after stage of(T4)10 ml/kg.Then,we observed and analyzed the changes of MAP,HR,CVP,CO and SVV at different time points.Results The statistically significant difference was not found in MAP(F =2.089,P =0.130),but was definitely found in SVV,HR,CO and CVP between five different time points(F =23.380,15.205,14.990,4.726,P=0.000,0.060,0.000 and 0.001,respectively).SVV(％) was 12.6 ± 1.8 at T0,10.7 ± 1.7 at T1,9.7 ± 1.3 at T2,8.6 ± 1.2 at T3,7.8 ± 1.2 at T4,with a gradually decreased trend(P =0.000,0.000,0.042,0.033,between any two adjacent time points,respectively).While CVP had no significant difference between any two adjacent time points (P =0.093,0.161,0.261 and 0.051,respectively).HR was lower in T1 vs.in T0,and in T2 vs.in T1 (P =0.015 and 0.028,respectively).There was no significant difference in HR between the other time points (P =0.149 and 0.335,respectively).The CO was higher at T4 than at T3(P =0.005),and there was no significant difference among any other time points(T0 vs.T1,T1 vs.T2,T2 vs.T3,P =0.547,0.441 and 0.400,respectively).In Spearman correlation analysis,the amount of HES infusion was positively correlated with MAP(r =0.921,P =0.021),negatively correlated with SVV and HR(r =-0.988,-0.984,P=0.001,0.002,respectively),and not correlated with CVP and CO(r =0.872 and 0.871,P =0.054 and 0.055,respectively).Conclusions SVV can effectively evaluate the volume responsiveness in elderly CHD patients with OLV.

Application of wireless wearable intelligent body temperature monitoring system in temperature monitor-ing of patients with abdominal surgery / 现代临床护理

Objective To evaluate the effect of wireless wearable intelligent body temperature monitoring system on temperature monitoring of perioperative patients. Method The body temprature of 572 patients with abdoiminal surgery who hospitalized in our hospital from June 2017 to Juanuary 2018 was measured by mercury thermometers and wireless intelligent body temprature monitoring system four times a day for three days with toally 6864 times after surgery.The measured time and data by both ways were compared and its relativity were analyzed. Results The measured data by mercury thermometers and wireless intelligent body temprature monitoring system was compared with no statistical significance (P>0.05), but the time measured by wireless intelligent body temprature monitoring system was shorter (P＜0.05). The measured data of two ways was postively related (r=0.962,P＜0.05). Conclusions The measurement results by the wireless wearable intelligent body temperature monitoring system are the same as by mercury thermometers. The accuracy of the system is well validated, and it can improve the working efficiency of nurses.

Application of three - dimensional printing technology in preoperative planning of double outlet right ventricle / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To assess the clinic value of three - dimensional(3D)printing models in operation scheme of double outlet right ventricle(DORV). Methods From September 2015 to December 2016,the imaging data of 29 patients (13 males and 16 females)with DORV were acquired using Dual Source CT. And then the cardiac models were generated using 3D printing technology. The cardiac models were used in diagnosing the type of DORV and guiding the surgery scheme. The 3D printed models were compared with two - dimensional imaging in diagnosis and sur-gical scheme of DORV patients. Results Both the two - dimensional imaging and 3D printed models were effective in the diagnosis and typing of DORV. According to 3D printing models,28 cases were consistent with the real operations, and 1 case was inconsistent. According to the two - dimensional imaging data,20 cases of surgical strategies were con-sistent with the real operations and 9 cases were inconsistent. For patients with DORV with non - committed ventricular septal defect (NC - VSD),3D printing models were more accurate in the designing of surgical strategies. Conclusions 3D printing models can display 3D anatomical structures and it is helpful in the diagnosis and making preoperative planning for DORV especially for DORV with NC - VSD,which provides a new method for the assessment of DORV.

The drinking status and associated factors in adults in China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the drinking status and associated factors in adults in China.Methods Based on the 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS),a total of 135 824 participants aged ≥18 were included in this cross-sectional analysis.Multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the associated factors for drinking status.Results The overall drinking rate was 30.5％ in Chinese adults,53.8％ in men,and 12.2％ in women.The excessive drinking rate was 14.0％ in men and 1.1％ in women.The daily drinking rate was 25.7％ in men and 10.9％ in women.Men mainly consumed multi-type wines,but women preferred beer.The overall harmful drinking rate was 7.1％.The excessive drinking rate,daily drinking rate,and harmful drinking rate increased first but then declined with age.All the four rates were positively related with physical activity.Conclusions The drinking rate,excessive drinking rate,daily drinking rate and harmful drinking rate were high in adults in China.Drinking status was associated with age,sex,marital status,education level,smoking status and physical activity.

Epidemiological characteristics of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,and to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention strategies on obesity.Methods Data was from children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2010-2012 program.In children aged 6 years,criteria of overweight and obesity were followed the WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents.In children and adolescents aged 7-17 years,overweight and obesity were defined by sex and age specific BMI,recommended by Guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents according to the Chinese guidelines.Results The overall rates on overweight and obesity were 9.6％ and 6.4％ among the Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,with 11.0％ (12.8％ for boys and 9.0％ for girls) in urban and 7.7％ (boys 9.7％,girls 5.5％) in rural areas.The rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents were 8.4％ (boys 9.3％,girls 7.4％) and 5.2％ (boys 6.2％,girls 4.1％) in the rural areas.According to the levels of household income,the overweight rates of children in high,middle and low incomes were 12.3％,10.7％ and 8.2％,with obesity as 8.6％,7.2％ and 5.7％ respectively.Conclusions In 2012,the prevalence rates of overweight and obese were 9.6％ and 6.4％ among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,respectively,higher in urban than in rural areas and higher boys than in girls.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity seemed to be related to the levels of household income.

Study on the relationship between family-related factors and obesity of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between family-related factors and the status of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in China.Methods Data were collected from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012 program.A sample of 6 343 subjects aged 6-17 years was selected,with matched weight,education levels,household income and other family related factors of their parents.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between family factors and overweight and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents.Results After adjusted for age,gender and region,results from the multivariate logistic regression showed that both the overweight and obesity of children and adolescents were associated with maternal BMI (OR=1.83,95％ CI:1.63-2.05),paternal BMI (OR=1.74,95％CI:1.57-1.94),mother's educational level (OR=1.24,95％CI:1.12-1.37) and household income (OR=l.30,95％CI:1.15-1.46).Conclusion Factors as overweight or obesity status of the parents,mother's educational level and household income were positively correlated with the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents.

Epidemiological characteristics of waist circumference and abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of waist circumference and abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years.Methods Data was from the samples of aged 6-17 years in the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance program in 2010-2012.P90 (the same age,the same sex) was used as the diagnostic value for abdominal obesity.Results The overall waist circumference of children and adolescents in all the age groups appeared higher in males than that in females (P＜0.000 1),higher in cities than that in the rural areas (P＜ 0.05),and higher in children with high family income than those with middle or low family incomes (P=0.000 3).The rate of abdominal obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years appeared as 11.2％ on average and 10.7％ and 11.8％ for boys and girls,respectively but with no significant difference (P＞0.05).Rates on abdominal obesity appeared as 13.2％ and 8.5％ for boys while as 12.3％ and 11.2％ for girls respectively,in urban or rural areas.As for the levels of family income,the abdominal obesity rates appeared as 15.8％,11.5％ and 8.8％ respectively for boys while 13.5％,11.9％ and 11.6％ respectively for girls,under high,middle and low levels of family income.Conclusion The rate of abdominal obesity in boys seemed more responsive to the impact of income in urban or rural areas.

Prevalence and characteristics of overweight and obesity in Chinese children aged 0-5 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the prevalence and characteristics of overweight and obesity among Chinese children aged 0-5 years,in 2010-2013.Methods Data was from the ‘China Nutrition and Health Surveillance-0-5-Years-Old Children and Lactating Women’ project in 2013.Stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 55 districts/counties from 30 provinces (autonomous regions,municipalities) with the sample size of children as 32 862.Definition of overweight and obesity were according to both the WHO 2006 growth standard in children less than 5-year-old and the WHO 2007 growth reference in children of 5-years-old.Results were calculated by complex weight based on national census from the National Bureau of Statistics in 2010.Results The overall prevalence of overweight was 8.4％ among the 0-5-year-old in 2013,with 9.4％ in boys and 7.2％ in girls.Both of the rates from urban and rural areas were the same,as 8.4％.The prevalence rates of overweight in the 0-,6-,12-,24-,36-,48-and 60-71 months age groups appeared as 13.0％,11.1％,8.3％,6.0％,4.8％,3.9％ and 15.9％,respectively.The rates of overweight in low,medium and high income families were 8.0％,8.8％ and 8.9％,respectively.The prevalence of obesity was 3.1％ among the 0-5-year-old,with 3.6％ in boys and 2.5％ in girls.There was no significant difference seen in urban (3.3％) and rural areas (2.9％).The prevalence rates for obesity in the 0-,6-,12-,24-,36-,48-and 60-71 months age groups were 5.8％,3.8％,2.5％,1.6％,1.2％,1.3％ and 7.8％,respectively.The rates of obesity in low,medium and high income families were 2.8％,3.3％ and 3.5％,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence rates of both overweight and obesity were increasing among the 0-5-year-olds in China,suggesting that it is necessary to timely conduct the surveillance and intervention programs on overweight and obesity in this target population.

The drinking status and associated factors in adults in China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the drinking status and associated factors in adults in China.Methods Based on the 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS),a total of 135 824 participants aged ≥18 were included in this cross-sectional analysis.Multivariable logistic regression model was used to investigate the associated factors for drinking status.Results The overall drinking rate was 30.5％ in Chinese adults,53.8％ in men,and 12.2％ in women.The excessive drinking rate was 14.0％ in men and 1.1％ in women.The daily drinking rate was 25.7％ in men and 10.9％ in women.Men mainly consumed multi-type wines,but women preferred beer.The overall harmful drinking rate was 7.1％.The excessive drinking rate,daily drinking rate,and harmful drinking rate increased first but then declined with age.All the four rates were positively related with physical activity.Conclusions The drinking rate,excessive drinking rate,daily drinking rate and harmful drinking rate were high in adults in China.Drinking status was associated with age,sex,marital status,education level,smoking status and physical activity.

Epidemiological characteristics of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,and to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention strategies on obesity.Methods Data was from children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance 2010-2012 program.In children aged 6 years,criteria of overweight and obesity were followed the WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents.In children and adolescents aged 7-17 years,overweight and obesity were defined by sex and age specific BMI,recommended by Guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents according to the Chinese guidelines.Results The overall rates on overweight and obesity were 9.6％ and 6.4％ among the Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,with 11.0％ (12.8％ for boys and 9.0％ for girls) in urban and 7.7％ (boys 9.7％,girls 5.5％) in rural areas.The rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents were 8.4％ (boys 9.3％,girls 7.4％) and 5.2％ (boys 6.2％,girls 4.1％) in the rural areas.According to the levels of household income,the overweight rates of children in high,middle and low incomes were 12.3％,10.7％ and 8.2％,with obesity as 8.6％,7.2％ and 5.7％ respectively.Conclusions In 2012,the prevalence rates of overweight and obese were 9.6％ and 6.4％ among children and adolescents aged 6-17 years,respectively,higher in urban than in rural areas and higher boys than in girls.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity seemed to be related to the levels of household income.

Study on the relationship between family-related factors and obesity of children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the relationship between family-related factors and the status of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years in China.Methods Data were collected from the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012 program.A sample of 6 343 subjects aged 6-17 years was selected,with matched weight,education levels,household income and other family related factors of their parents.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to explore the relationship between family factors and overweight and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents.Results After adjusted for age,gender and region,results from the multivariate logistic regression showed that both the overweight and obesity of children and adolescents were associated with maternal BMI (OR=1.83,95％ CI:1.63-2.05),paternal BMI (OR=1.74,95％CI:1.57-1.94),mother's educational level (OR=1.24,95％CI:1.12-1.37) and household income (OR=l.30,95％CI:1.15-1.46).Conclusion Factors as overweight or obesity status of the parents,mother's educational level and household income were positively correlated with the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents.

Epidemiological characteristics of waist circumference and abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of waist circumference and abdominal obesity among Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years.Methods Data was from the samples of aged 6-17 years in the China National Nutrition and Health Surveillance program in 2010-2012.P90 (the same age,the same sex) was used as the diagnostic value for abdominal obesity.Results The overall waist circumference of children and adolescents in all the age groups appeared higher in males than that in females (P＜0.000 1),higher in cities than that in the rural areas (P＜ 0.05),and higher in children with high family income than those with middle or low family incomes (P=0.000 3).The rate of abdominal obesity in children and adolescents aged 6-17 years appeared as 11.2％ on average and 10.7％ and 11.8％ for boys and girls,respectively but with no significant difference (P＞0.05).Rates on abdominal obesity appeared as 13.2％ and 8.5％ for boys while as 12.3％ and 11.2％ for girls respectively,in urban or rural areas.As for the levels of family income,the abdominal obesity rates appeared as 15.8％,11.5％ and 8.8％ respectively for boys while 13.5％,11.9％ and 11.6％ respectively for girls,under high,middle and low levels of family income.Conclusion The rate of abdominal obesity in boys seemed more responsive to the impact of income in urban or rural areas.

Prevalence and characteristics of overweight and obesity in Chinese children aged 0-5 years / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the prevalence and characteristics of overweight and obesity among Chinese children aged 0-5 years,in 2010-2013.Methods Data was from the ‘China Nutrition and Health Surveillance-0-5-Years-Old Children and Lactating Women’ project in 2013.Stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 55 districts/counties from 30 provinces (autonomous regions,municipalities) with the sample size of children as 32 862.Definition of overweight and obesity were according to both the WHO 2006 growth standard in children less than 5-year-old and the WHO 2007 growth reference in children of 5-years-old.Results were calculated by complex weight based on national census from the National Bureau of Statistics in 2010.Results The overall prevalence of overweight was 8.4％ among the 0-5-year-old in 2013,with 9.4％ in boys and 7.2％ in girls.Both of the rates from urban and rural areas were the same,as 8.4％.The prevalence rates of overweight in the 0-,6-,12-,24-,36-,48-and 60-71 months age groups appeared as 13.0％,11.1％,8.3％,6.0％,4.8％,3.9％ and 15.9％,respectively.The rates of overweight in low,medium and high income families were 8.0％,8.8％ and 8.9％,respectively.The prevalence of obesity was 3.1％ among the 0-5-year-old,with 3.6％ in boys and 2.5％ in girls.There was no significant difference seen in urban (3.3％) and rural areas (2.9％).The prevalence rates for obesity in the 0-,6-,12-,24-,36-,48-and 60-71 months age groups were 5.8％,3.8％,2.5％,1.6％,1.2％,1.3％ and 7.8％,respectively.The rates of obesity in low,medium and high income families were 2.8％,3.3％ and 3.5％,respectively.Conclusion The prevalence rates of both overweight and obesity were increasing among the 0-5-year-olds in China,suggesting that it is necessary to timely conduct the surveillance and intervention programs on overweight and obesity in this target population.